International Journal of Fundamental Physical Sciences

The Making of the Universe

2024-06-13T18:18:36+00:00

While Monsignor Georges Lemaître has been a giant in the scientific community, his theory of the origin of the universe, known as the Big Bang Theory, has come under scrutiny since the development of knowledge surrounding Dark Matter. This paper argues that Monsignor Georges Lemaître theory of the Big Bang is wrong and unravels when considering the moving force of the expansion of the universe. The research conducted for this paper demonstrates that the existence of the universe should be thought of as originating through a primordial bud, rather than a primordial atom. This paper also argues that the universe continues to grow in a pomological way with Dark Matter acting as its "sap.” This explanation puts forward a scientific way of solving Lemaître’s problem of the “outside force” as well as the need to place all growth forces within the primordial atom itself.

A Diamond Universe

2024-06-10T09:20:35+00:00

Cosmology is currently facing some major challenges. In addition to dark matter and dark energy, the issue of ‘impossible’ galaxies has been brought to the fore by the James Webb Telescope. Something simple eludes us, and the various problems mentioned are interrelated. Our proposition is that, on the cosmological scale, it is appropriate to take a value of the speed of light c_c lower than its standard value c₀ in vacuum. This defines an optical index c_c =c₀./c_c We account for this ‘refringence’ by a Shapiro effect extended to the scale of the universe (use of Schwarzschild metric), described by its average density ρ_u and its equivalent gravitational radius R_u. Remarkably, universes with indices greater than two are entirely conceivable, and their characteristics are close to those we determine for our own. The velocities of celestial objects are estimated from redshifts in ratios of the type v/c, where the speed of light is usually taken to be equal to . With an equal ratio v/c (all things considered, only the v/c ratio has any meaning), dividing c₀ by a certain factor lowers the velocities v without postulating the existence of dark matter nor dark energy. Taking into account the problems cited earlier suggests a value of α close to 2.4. We are led to a lengthening of the age of the universe: it could reach 33 billion years. This would allow it to host in its relatively young phases objects that are already old and structured.

The Universe Never Had the So-Called Gravity

2024-06-10T09:12:00+00:00

This paper challenges conventional gravity theories by revisiting Galileo's discoveries and presenting a counterintuitive perspective. Recent experiments, such as the hammer and feather drop on the moon and vacuum demonstrations on Earth, prompt a reevaluation of our current scientific understanding of gravity. The paper argues that celestial bodies, including Earth, move towards objects, challenging the traditional concept of gravity. Drawing on the equivalence principle and dark matter effects, it contends that objects become stationary when disconnected from their original reference frame. Addressing criticisms, the paper asserts that Earth's perpetual movement ensures uniform gravitational effects globally. Exploring the expanding universe and dark matter's influence, it concludes that objects released in space do not fall but become stationary, prompting a reassessment of established scientific principles. This paradigm shift invites readers to reconsider their understanding of gravity and the universe. The paper is written as a letter to stimulate thought and discussion.

The Universe Never Had the So-Called Gravity

2024-05-31T21:30:59+00:00

This paper challenges conventional gravity theories by revisiting Galileo's discoveries and presenting a counterintuitive perspective. Recent experiments, like the hammer and feather drop on the moon and a vacuum demonstration on Earth, prompt a reevaluation of our current scientific understanding of the world. The paper argues that celestial bodies, including Earth, move towards objects, challenging the traditional concept of gravity. Drawing on the equivalence principle and dark matter effects, it contends that objects become stationary when disconnected from their original reference frame. Addressing criticisms, the paper asserts that the Earth's perpetual movement ensures uniform gravitational effects globally. Exploring the expanding universe and dark matter's influence, it concludes that objects released in space do not fall but become stationary, challenging the traditional interpretation of gravity. This paradigm shift prompts a reassessment of established scientific principles, inviting readers to reconsider their understanding of gravity and the universe. The paper is written in the form of a letter to further stimulate the thoughts of every reader.

A Diamond Universe

2024-05-30T07:35:26+00:00

Cosmology is currently facing some major challenges. In addition to dark matter and dark energy, the issue of ‘impossible’ galaxies has been brought to the fore by the James Webb Telescope. Something simple eludes us, and the various problems mentioned are interrelated. Our proposition is that, on the cosmological scale, it is appropriate to take a value of the speed of light c_c lower than its standard value c₀ in vacuum. This defines an optical index n_c = c₀ /c_c. We account for this ‘refringence’ by a Shapiro effect extended to the scale of the universe (use of Schwarzschild metric), described by its average density ρ_u and its equivalent gravitational radius R_u. Remarkably, universes with indices greater than two are entirely conceivable, and their characteristics are close to those we determine for our own. The velocities v of celestial objects are estimated from redshifts in ratios of the type v/c, where the speed c of light is usually taken to be equal to c₀. With an equal v/c ratio (all things considered, only the v/c ratio has any meaning), dividing c₀ by a certain factor α lowers the velocities v without postulating the existence of dark matter nor dark energy. Taking into account the problems cited earlier suggests a value of α close to 2.4. We are led to a lengthening of the age of the universe: it could reach 33 billion years. This would allow it to host in its relatively young phases objects that are already old and structured.

Neoclassical Theory of Atoms

2024-04-19T21:02:17+00:00

The "Neoclassical Theory of Atoms" challenges the dominance of quantum mechanics in explaining certain atomic phenomena. This work argues that a classical approach, utilizing electromagnetic Coulomb forces and Newtonian mechanics, can potentially account for discrete energy levels and spectral lines observed in hydrogen and helium atoms. It questions the necessity of invoking the seemingly counterintuitive aspects of quantum mechanics for these specific phenomena. By demonstrating the potential of a classical framework, this research aims to stimulate debate and exploration of alternative explanations within physics. This could potentially lead to a deeper understanding of the nature of reality and the limitations (or potential for expansion) of current physical theories.

New Classical Relativistic Theory of a Charged Particle in an Electric Field

2024-03-21T11:39:50+00:00

A new relativistic theory of the classical motion of a charged particle in an electric field has been developed. The resulting equations characterize the kinematic and dynamic features of particle motion, demonstrating peculiar behavior in areas with high attractive potentials. This changes the existing paradigm for the interaction of charge with an electric field, entailing profound consequences. The new theory converges with the conventional theory of electricity under conditions of low potentials and nonrelativistic particle velocities. The possibility of experimental verification of the new theory is discussed.

Generation of Waves in the Gravitational Field of the Universe

2023-12-26T21:22:48+00:00

The gravitational field naturally perturbs due to the wave (light, x-ray, infrared, etc.). The gravitational field encompasses everything. Wave formation, like to that of the natural world. In the natural world, when wood and plants burn, a chemical reaction produces CO₂, CO, and other gases. During this chemical process, tiny particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) vibrate, and their vibrations get intense enough to cause the gravitational field to be disrupted. This kind of vibration creates waves in the surrounding gravitational field and propagates them forward with a specific initial power, wavelength, and amplitude.

The Generation of Waves in the Gravitational Field of the Universe

2023-12-15T06:50:01+00:00

Simulation-Driven Strategies for Improving Natural Ventilation in Educational Spaces: A Case Study of An Educational Building in Sari

2023-10-23T09:00:23+00:00

Any architectural space, especially the architecture of an educational complex, should provide comfort for human beings in the face of geographical and climatic characteristics. Climatic factors have always profoundly affected the formation of the physical environment of buildings. Energy demand has always been one of society’s most critical issues. Saving resources is one of the architectural design goals to achieve a suitable environment-friendly architecture. This architectural approach, which comes from the concepts of sustainable development, is one of the basic human needs in the current world due to its compatibility with the environment. The goal is to build constructions that can improve the climate, prevent the waste of energy consumption, and avoid the adverse effects of construction on the environment. In traditional Iranian architecture, there are numerous passive methods; natural ventilation is an essential part of Iranian conventional building design, which is being ignored today. Since humid and moderate climates have high relative humidity on most days of the year, one important goal is to move the stagnant moisture inside to establish a suitable thermal environment for occupants. The research method of the present study is descriptive-analytical, which has been experimented with according to library studies in addition to climate and meteorological data. Then, analysis of the data is provided by an energy simulator. It is concluded that the best orientation of the educational building is south, which can provide proper natural ventilation and solar heat gain. In other words, optimal interior air quality is achieved in this orientation.

Universal Matter Synthesis and Management via Constructive Resonance: Pioneering Advancements in Physical Sciences and Applied Systems

2023-10-16T09:44:56+00:00

Constructive resonance, a fundamental phenomenon observed across various scales, plays a pivotal role in both quantum and astrophysical realms. This study delves into the dynamic intricacies of constructive resonance, exploring its implications for matter creation and the origin of force-fields like gravity. It posits that constructive wave couplings between fundamental particles induce a resonant attractive force akin to gravity at the subatomic level, conserving energy within the system. We conceptualize space-time as an interconnected fabric encoding linear and non-linear patterns within an Information Field, revealing interactions between fundamental particles as 'Constructive Resonance Waves,' giving rise to the material universe. Cosmic Information (CI) is introduced as a fundamental basis vector, tied to the dimensions of space and time, culminating in a 5-D universe. This paper introduces a novel theoretical framework encompassing Constructive Resonance and the parametrically represented by to offer a dynamic perspective on fundamental forces. By integrating these concepts into existing theories, we unveil a fresh understanding of gravity, electromagnetism, and other forces. The RIIFF© framework, expressed as , elucidates how forces vary over time and space due to resonant interactions, providing a foundation for future research into the dynamic nature of the cosmos.

On the Physical Properties of G-Type Main ‎Sequence Stars

2023-07-31T02:30:50+00:00

This research focuses on the classification and properties of G-Type main sequence stars. It discusses the historical ‎development of star classification systems and their importance in understanding stellar evolution, composition, ‎and galactic structures. The paper also examines the mass-radius and mass-luminosity relationships of stars, ‎highlighting the strong positive correlations between mass and radius, as well as mass and luminosity. The findings ‎suggest that more massive stars tend to be larger and more luminous. However, further analysis is needed to explore ‎the underlying relationships between these variables.‎‎

Reality of Schrödinger’s Cat

2023-03-28T06:57:53+00:00

The evidence that the probability interpretation is indispensable for the wave function has not been reasonably revealed since the early stages of quantum theory like the topic of Schrödinger’s cat has been discussed from various viewpoints. Recently the Schrödinger equation has reasonably derived from the diffusion equation in accordance with the causality for the Newton mechanics, regardless of the de Broglie’s hypothesis. In the derivation process, the problem of probability interpretation has been reasonably solved in relation to a wave function collapse, and moreover not only the evidence for a micro particle having a wave nature but also the evidence for validity of the de Broglie’s hypothesis itself has been theoretically revealed. Further, the other fundamental problems having been unsolved for a long time are also reasonably solved. For example, it is theoretically revealed that such a single composite particle as a cluster molecule has a wave nature when it is composed of atoms smaller than about 770 numbers.

The Reality of Schrödinger ’s Cat

2023-03-24T04:27:52+00:00

The evidence that the probability interpretation is indispensable for the wave function has not been reasonably revealed since the early stages of quantum theory like the topic of ’s cat has been discussed from various viewpoints. Recently the equation has reasonably derived from the diffusion equation in accordance with the causality for the Newton mechanics, regardless of the de Broglie’s hypothesis. In the derivation process, the problem of probability interpretation has been reasonably solved in relation to a wave function collapse, and moreover not only the evidence for a micro particle having a wave nature but also the evidence for validity of the de Broglie’s hypothesis itself has been theoretically revealed. Further, the other fundamental problems having been unsolved for a long time are also reasonably solved. For example, it is theoretically revealed that such a single composite particle as a cluster molecule has a wave nature when it is composed of atoms smaller than about 770 numbers.

Conversion of Waves Under Different Gravitational Field Intensity Area

2023-03-15T23:04:30+00:00

Natural disturbances in the gravitational field cause light, infrared, x-ray, and other waves. We define a complete wave as having two parts: a crest and a trough. A complete wave represents a single frequency. Every wave is initially powered at the source along with its wavelength and amplitude, which all vary with the gravitational field intensity in subsequent steps. A/λ has a significant impact on the wave's power. A gravitational wave is a converted wave, because of its changing power due to the changing intensity of the gravitational field.

Irrefutable Proof of The Non-Existence of a ‎Gravitational ‎Singularity at The Centre of a ‎Black Hole

2023-03-12T19:59:49+00:00

Astronomical observations confirm that gravitational force decreases with the square of the distance. If the gravitational force in the centre of Sagittarius A* were close to infinity and would decrease with the square of the distance, our Milky Way could not exist as we observe it. This fact is irrefutable proof that there is no gravitational singularity in the centre of Sagittarius A* and in general, there is no gravitational singularity in the centre of a black hole.

The Conversion of waves under different gravitational field intensity area

2023-02-26T21:24:23+00:00

Irrefutable proof of the non-existence of a gravitational singularity at the centre of a black hole

2023-02-23T18:44:37+00:00

The Holographic Complexity on Extremal Branes with Exceptional Higher Derivative Interactions

2022-12-09T16:15:30+00:00

The philosophy of presented multiversum doctrina dominum article is related to the coloring of the
theoretical framework with respect to holographic complexity on extremal branes in exclusive higher-
dimensional representations. We examine holographic complexity in the doubly holographic model in-
troduced in the current literature to study quantum extremal islands. We focus on the holographic
complexity volume proposal for boundary subregions in the island phase. Exploiting the Fefferman-
Graham expansion of the metric and other geometric quantities near the extremal brane, we derive
the leading contributions to the complexity and interpret these in terms of the generalized volume of
the island derived from the induced higher-curvature gravity action on the extremal brane. We discuss
the interpretation of path integral optimization as a uniformization problem in even dimensions. This
perspective allows for a systematical construction of the higher-dimensional path integral complexity in
holographic conformal field theories in terms of Q-curvature actions. Motivated by the exceptional re-
sults, we propose a generalization of the higher-dimensional derivative actions of exotic extremal branes.

The Extremal Nature of Membrane Newton-Cartan Formulations with Exotic Supergravity Theories

2022-12-09T16:07:27+00:00

We construct a non-relativistic limit of eleven and ten-dimensional supergravity theories from the point
of view of the fundamental symmetries, the higher-dimensional effective action, and the equations of
motion. This fundamental limit can only be realized in a supersymmetric way provided we impose
by hand a set of geometric constraints, invariant under all the symmetries of the non-relativistic the-
ory, that define a so-called Dilatation-invariant Superstring Newton-Cartan geometry and Membrane
Newton-Cartan expansion. In order to obtain a finite fundamental limit, the field strength of the
eleven-dimensional four-form is required to obey a transverse self-duality constraint, ultimately due to
the presence of the Chern-Simons term in eleven dimensions. The present research consider a non-
relativistic fundamental limit of the bosonic sector of eleven-dimensional supergravity, leading to a
theory based on a Covariant Membrane Newton-Cartan Supergeometry. We further show that the
Membrane Newton-Cartan theory can be embedded in the U-duality symmetric formulation of excep-
tional field theory, demonstrating that it shares the same exceptional Lie algebraic symmetries as the
relativistic supergravity, and providing an alternative derivation of the extra Poisson equation.